By Dr. BPS Tyagi Low functioning thyroid is a new epidemic of the society affecting more than 3% of people. If thyroid function is
impaired, the thyroid gland produces insufficient amounts of hormones like thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which are essential for regulating metabolism, energy levels, and overall growth and development.
The symptoms of hypothyroidism can be subtle at first and may include fatigue, weight gain, depression, cold intolerance, constipation, and dry skin. In severe cases, untreated hypothyroidism can lead to more serious complications such as heart disease, infertility, or nerve damage.
The causes of hypothyroidism are varied but often include autoimmune conditions like Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, iodine deficiency, certain medications, and in some cases, damage to the thyroid from surgery or radiation. Women, particularly those over 60, are more likely to be affected, although it can occur in men as well.
Hypothyroidism is typically diagnosed through blood tests that measure levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid hormones. Treatment usually involves hormone replacement therapy, where synthetic thyroid hormone is taken to normalize hormone levels. Early diagnosis and proper management are key to preventing the long-term effects of the condition.
Given its rising prevalence, it is crucial for individuals to be aware of the symptoms and seek medical advice if they suspect thyroid dysfunction. Lifestyle modifications, such as maintaining a balanced diet, managing stress, and staying physically active, can also support overall thyroid health.