By eigindia Osteoarthritis is the most common musculoskeletal disorder with major health and socioeconomic impact in our aging society. Osteoarthritis usually progresses gradually and is characterized by the degeneration of cartilage—the smooth tissue that cushions the ends of bones in joints—leading to pain, stiffness, swelling, and reduced mobility. Over time, the cartilage wears down completely, causing bones to rub against each other, which can be extremely painful and debilitating.
This condition most commonly affects the knees, hips, hands, and spine, and while aging is a primary risk factor, obesity, joint injuries, genetics, and repetitive stress on the joints also contribute to its development. As life expectancy increases globally, the number of people affected by osteoarthritis continues to rise, placing a heavy burden on healthcare systems and families alike.
Although there is no cure for osteoarthritis, early diagnosis and management can significantly improve quality of life. Treatment strategies include weight management, physical therapy, pain-relieving medications, lifestyle modifications, and in severe cases, joint replacement surgery. Prevention through regular exercise, a balanced diet, and avoiding joint injuries is also key.
Public awareness and support systems are essential to address the challenges posed by osteoarthritis and help aging populations maintain independence and mobility for as long as possible.